{"id":1623,"date":"2019-12-02T07:10:42","date_gmt":"2019-12-02T07:10:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/what-is-overtime-working-and-how-is-it-applied\/"},"modified":"2019-12-02T11:49:16","modified_gmt":"2019-12-02T11:49:16","slug":"fazla-calisma-nedir-ve-nasil-uygulanir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/fazla-calisma-nedir-ve-nasil-uygulanir\/","title":{"rendered":"FAZLA \u00c7ALI\u015eMA NED\u0130R VE NASIL UYGULANIR?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><u>\u00d6ZET:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u0130\u015fletme ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ola\u011fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 41. maddesi ve ilgili y\u00f6netmelik h\u00fck\u00fcmlerince d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i baz\u0131nda haftal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi k\u0131rk be\u015f saatin alt\u0131nda ise bu s\u00fcrenin k\u0131rk be\u015f saate kadar art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 fazla s\u00fcrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, haftal\u0131k k\u0131rk be\u015f saati ge\u00e7en \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Fazla s\u00fcrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada i\u015f\u00e7iye 1,25 kat\u0131, fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada i\u015f\u00e7iye 1,5 kat\u0131 tutar\u0131nda \u00fccret \u00f6denmesi gerekir. Kanunen fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 yasaklanm\u0131\u015f i\u015f ve i\u015f\u00e7iler haricinde olan di\u011fer t\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in de y\u0131ll\u0131k fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi 270 saati a\u015famayacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015fyerindeki konumu ve ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 maa\u015fa g\u00f6re fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccretinin ayl\u0131k \u00fccretine dahil oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde anla\u015fmalar da yap\u0131labilmektedir.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>A\u00c7IKLAMALAR:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, i\u015fyeri faaliyetlerinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren durumlarda, ola\u011fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerini a\u015facak \u015fekilde ek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu 41. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sebepleri, <em>\u201c\u00dclkenin genel yararlar\u0131 yahut i\u015fin niteli\u011fi veya \u00fcretimin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi nedenler\u201d<\/em> olarak g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f olup somut olay\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015fekillendirilebilmektedir. \u0130\u015f Kanununa g\u00f6re, haftal\u0131k ola\u011fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi k\u0131rk be\u015f saat olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fundan bir haftal\u0131k s\u00fcrede k\u0131rk be\u015f saati a\u015fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar <em>\u201cfazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u201d<\/em> olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Ancak, i\u015fyerinin ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re haftal\u0131k ola\u011fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatinin k\u0131rk be\u015f saatin alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fundan bu s\u00fcrenin k\u0131rk be\u015f saate kadar art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 <em>\u201cfazla s\u00fcrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\u201d<\/em> olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n hesab\u0131nda yar\u0131m saatten az olan s\u00fcreler yar\u0131m saat, yar\u0131m saati a\u015fan s\u00fcreler ise bir saat say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n temel ko\u015fulu, i\u015fverenin, i\u015f\u00e7isinden ola\u011fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinden daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmesidir. \u0130kinci ko\u015ful ise i\u015f\u00e7i taraf\u0131ndan fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmesidir. 06.04.2004 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de ilan olunan \u0130\u015f Kanununa \u0130li\u015fkin Fazla \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Fazla S\u00fcrelerle \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u2019nin 9. maddesi, i\u015f\u00e7iden al\u0131nacak fazla s\u00fcrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya veya fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ili\u015fkin onay\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 aramakta; bu onay\u0131n i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin kurulmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda bir \u00f6nkabul ile veya fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 halinde d\u00fczenlenecek bir kabul beyan\u0131 ile i\u015f\u00e7iden al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Yasal mevzuat \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, i\u015f\u00e7iden al\u0131nacak onay\u0131n genel ge\u00e7er olmas\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7i taraf\u0131ndan onay tarihinden sonraki t\u00fcm olas\u0131 fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma taleplerine muvafakat edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i taraf\u0131ndan, muvafakatin geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup i\u015fverene yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak beyan edilmelidir. Geri alma beyan\u0131, beyan tarihinden itibaren otuz g\u00fcn sonra ge\u00e7erlilik kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve fazla s\u00fcrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, i\u015f\u00e7iye \u00f6denmesi gereken \u00fccret bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirlerinden ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Fazla s\u00fcrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan d\u00f6nem bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7iye saatlik ola\u011fan \u00fccretinin 1,25 kat\u0131; yap\u0131lan fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7iye saatlik ola\u011fan \u00fccretinin 1,5 kat\u0131 tutar\u0131nda \u00fccret \u00f6denmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin 6. maddesi, yap\u0131lacak fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucu, i\u015f\u00e7iden gelecek yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir talep halinde, zaml\u0131 tutar ile \u00fccret \u00f6demesi yerine, fazladan \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan her saat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir saat otuz dakikay\u0131, fazla s\u00fcrelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan her saat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir saat on be\u015f dakikay\u0131 serbest zaman olarak kulland\u0131rma imkan\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Serbest zaman kullan\u0131m\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7inin fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnleri takip eden alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde, i\u015fverence de uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir d\u00f6nemde, i\u015f\u00e7inin ola\u011fan i\u015f saatleri i\u00e7inde kulland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmayan s\u00fcrelere ili\u015fkin i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretinden herhangi bir kesinti yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kanuna g\u00f6re temel kural, bir sene i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lacak fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar toplam\u0131n\u0131n 270 saati ge\u00e7memesidir. Bununla beraber \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 63. maddesindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerine ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcm do\u011frultusunda g\u00fcnde on bir saati a\u015fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle her bir i\u015f\u00e7i i\u00e7in, y\u0131ll\u0131k 270 saati a\u015fmasa dahi g\u00fcnde on bir saati a\u015fan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131lamaz. Aksi y\u00f6ndeki olas\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, y\u00fcksek mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan haftal\u0131k fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma say\u0131lmakta ve ola\u011fan \u00fccretin 1,5 kat\u0131 \u00fccret \u00f6denmesine h\u00fckmedilmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinin de g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresine ekleniyor olmas\u0131 nedeniyle i\u015f\u00e7iye g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi 7,5 saati a\u015fmakta ise bir saat ara dinlenmesi kulland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Kanunda g\u00fcnl\u00fck azami \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi belirtilen i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, onaylar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olsa dahi fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya tabi tutulmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k Kurallar\u0131 Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan G\u00fcnde Azami Yedi Bu\u00e7uk Saat veya Daha Az \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 Gereken \u0130\u015fler Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik ile say\u0131lan i\u015fler; turizm, \u00f6zel g\u00fcvenlik ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen i\u015flerde i\u015f\u00e7inin yaz\u0131l\u0131 onay\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan ve 7,5 saati ge\u00e7en gece \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 haricindeki t\u00fcm gece \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131; maden ocaklar\u0131, kablo d\u00f6\u015femesi, kanalizasyon, t\u00fcnel in\u015faat\u0131 gibi i\u015flerin yer ve su alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lanlar\u0131nda ge\u00e7en \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile 18 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmam\u0131\u015f, gebe veya yeni do\u011fum yapm\u0131\u015f yahut s\u00fct izin s\u00fcresi devam eden kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilere fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapt\u0131r\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, baz\u0131 meslek gruplar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan ek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma say\u0131lmamakta ve bir ek \u00fccret \u00f6demesine veya serbest zaman kullan\u0131m\u0131na tabi tutulmamaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fyerinde \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6netici veya beyaz yaka olarak tabir edilen d\u00fczeyde ve y\u00fcksek \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kimselerin; kendi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerini kendisini belirleyen, herhangi bir \u00fcst amir veya y\u00f6neticiden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma talimat\u0131 almayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 prim \u00fccreti elde eden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ayl\u0131k ola\u011fan \u00fccretlerine dahil olaca\u011f\u0131 uygulamada genel olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131lan \u00f6deme de \u00fccret niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fundan i\u015f\u00e7inin ayl\u0131k bordrosunda fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kalemleri g\u00f6sterilmeli, \u00f6deme maa\u015f hesab\u0131 \u00fczerinden banka kanal\u0131yla yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130htirazi bir kay\u0131t i\u00e7ermeyen \u00fccret bordrolar\u0131 ve banka \u00f6demelerinin uyumlu oldu\u011fu hallerde, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin aksi y\u00f6ndeki fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alaca\u011f\u0131 talebini ispat y\u00fck\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fczerinde olmaktad\u0131r. Fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma tan\u0131k delili ile ispatlanabilmekte, ancak tan\u0131k ifadeleri \u00fczerinden kurulan bir h\u00fck\u00fcmde, mahkemelerce hakkaniyet indirimi uygulanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak yaz\u0131l\u0131 i\u015fyeri kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu durumlarda, tan\u0131k ifadelerine g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulamayaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccreti de genel \u00fccret niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fundan 5 senelik zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresine tabidir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00fccretin zaman\u0131nda \u00f6denmemesi, i\u015f\u00e7iye \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 25. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda i\u015f akdini hakl\u0131 nedenle fesih imkan\u0131 tan\u0131maktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ili\u015fkin kanuni d\u00fczenlemelere ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k halinde i\u015fverene idari para cezas\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 da uygulanabilmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130\u015fletme ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda ola\u011fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrelerinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelen fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 41. maddesi ve ilgili y\u00f6netmelik h\u00fck\u00fcmlerince d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1623","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-insan-kaynaklari-ve-is-hukuku"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1623"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1623\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}