{"id":1778,"date":"2020-01-23T07:29:48","date_gmt":"2020-01-23T07:29:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/?p=1778"},"modified":"2020-01-23T07:29:48","modified_gmt":"2020-01-23T07:29:48","slug":"ucretin-gununde-odenmemesi-halinde-calismaktan-kacinma-hakki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/ucretin-gununde-odenmemesi-halinde-calismaktan-kacinma-hakki\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcCRET\u0130N G\u00dcN\u00dcNDE \u00d6DENMEMES\u0130 HAL\u0130NDE \u00c7ALI\u015eMAKTAN KA\u00c7INMA HAKKI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><u>\u00d6ZET<\/u>:\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 34. maddesinde \u201c\u00dccreti \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fcnden itibaren yirmi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde m\u00fccbir bir neden d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6denmeyen i\u015f\u00e7i, i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcunu yerine getirmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nabilir. Bu nedenle ki\u015fisel kararlar\u0131na dayanarak i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcunu yerine getirmemeleri say\u0131sal olarak toplu bir nitelik kazansa dahi grev olarak nitelendirilemez. G\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u00f6denmeyen \u00fccretler i\u00e7in mevduata uygulanan en y\u00fcksek faiz oran\u0131 uygulan\u0131r. Bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bu nedenle i\u015f akitleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in feshedilemez ve yerine yeni i\u015f\u00e7i al\u0131namaz, bu i\u015fler ba\u015fkalar\u0131na yapt\u0131r\u0131lamaz.\u201d \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015f g\u00f6rme edimini durdurmas\u0131 halinde, i\u015f akdi halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte kalmakla beraber i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcu ortadan kalkaca\u011f\u0131ndan, yapmakla \u00f6devli bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6revleri yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle i\u015f akdi i\u015fverence feshedilemeyecektir.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>A\u00c7IKLAMALAR:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bir i\u015fverene ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019na tabi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan t\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, i\u015fyerindeki stat\u00fclerine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u201c\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaktan Ka\u00e7\u0131nma Hakk\u0131\u201d bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131zda incelenecek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hali 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nda d\u00fczenlenmektedir ve i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretinin yasal s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde \u00f6denmemesi halinde i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcunun ortadan kalkmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 34. maddesine g\u00f6re, \u00fccreti \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fcnden itibaren yirmi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde m\u00fccbir bir neden d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6denmeyen i\u015f\u00e7i, i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcunu yerine getirmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Bu noktada \u00f6ncelikte i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccreti kavram\u0131n\u0131n incelenmelidir. \u00dccret, kanuni tan\u0131m\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, bir kimseye bir i\u015f kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015fveren veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan ve para ile \u00f6denen tutard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin alt i\u015fverenin i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretlerini \u00f6dememesi ve bu nedenle as\u0131l i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan bu \u00fccretlerin \u00f6denmi\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde \u00fccret \u00f6denmi\u015f say\u0131lacak; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131 uygulanamayacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00fccret kavram\u0131 kural olarak, yap\u0131lan i\u015f kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6denen bir \u00fccret olmakla beraber, fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, hafta tatili ile ulusal bayram ve genel tatil g\u00fcnlerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fccretler ile prim, ikramiye ve bu nitelikteki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc istihkak da \u00fccret kavram\u0131na dahildir.<\/p>\n<p>Nitekim, \u00fccret \u00f6demelerine ili\u015fkin mevzuattaki d\u00fczenlemeler do\u011frultusunda, ayn\u0131 i\u015fverene ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak T\u00fcrkiye genelinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0en az be\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde, yap\u0131lacak her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6demenin kanun\u00ee kesintiler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra kalan net tutar\u0131n\u0131n bankalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6denmesi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r ve yap\u0131lacak \u00f6demelerin ispat\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u015fveren \u00fczerinde olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca yap\u0131lacak bu \u00f6demelerin, nakden olmas\u0131 zorunlu olup, kardan pay al\u0131nmas\u0131 veya ayni bir menfaat temini ile \u00fccret \u00f6denmesi kabul g\u00f6rmemektedir. Keza, i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretlerinin T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131 cinsinden \u00f6denmesi de temel kurald\u0131r. Ancak belirtmek gerekir ki i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretinin de istisnai baz\u0131 durumlarda yabanc\u0131 para cinsinden veya belirli bir d\u00f6viz kuru \u00fczerinden anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ise de, \u00f6demenin \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fcndeki rayice g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk paras\u0131 ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131 aranmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu kapsamda a\u00e7\u0131klanan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin i\u015fverence yerine getirilmemesi halinde; i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretlerinin tamamen veya k\u0131smen \u00f6denmemi\u015f bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmas\u0131 ve belirlenmi\u015f \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn yahut i\u015fverenin i\u015fyeri genelinde uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ola\u011fan \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn yirmi g\u00fcn boyunca a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde i\u015fveren \u00fccret \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yerine getirememi\u015f say\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ancak b\u00f6yle bir g\u00fcn belirlenemiyor olsa dahi i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretlerinin en ge\u00e7 ayda bir \u00f6denmesi gerekti\u011fi kural\u0131 uygulan\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, s\u00f6z konusu s\u00fcrelerin \u00fczerinden yirmi g\u00fcn ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen i\u015fverenin i\u015f\u00e7iden i\u015f g\u00f6rmeye devam etmesini istemesi ve herhangi bir \u00fccret \u00f6dememesi halinde, i\u015f\u00e7i i\u015f g\u00f6rme edimini durdurarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nabilir. Kanun\u2019un a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir hak olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma halinin, \u00fccretin \u00f6denmemesi haricinde ba\u015fkaca bir i\u015fveren ihlaline veya i\u015fyerindeki bir eksikli\u011fe dayanmas\u0131 aranmamaktad\u0131r. Nitekim, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ki\u015fisel kararlar\u0131na dayanarak i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcunu yerine getirmemeleri say\u0131sal olarak toplu bir nitelik kazansa dahi grev olarak nitelendirilemez. Bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015f akitleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in feshedilemez ve yerine yeni i\u015f\u00e7i al\u0131namaz, bu i\u015fler ba\u015fkalar\u0131na yapt\u0131r\u0131lamaz. \u0130\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcunu yerine getirmediklerinden veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131 do\u011frultusunda i\u015fyerine gelmemelerinden bahisle i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015f akdinin feshi, mahkemelerce somut olay\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilecek olmakla beraber, ge\u00e7ersiz bir fesih olarak de\u011ferlendirilecek ve i\u015f\u00e7inin tabii olmas\u0131 halinde i\u015f g\u00fcvencesi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri do\u011frultusunda i\u015fe iadesine yahut k\u00f6t\u00fc niyet tazminat\u0131 ile k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131, ihbar tazminat\u0131 ve sair \u00fccret alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n tahsiline karar verilebilecektir. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, i\u015f g\u00f6rmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nan i\u015f\u00e7ilere y\u00f6nelik olarak i\u015fverence, di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan farkl\u0131 ve aleyhe bir tutum sergilenir, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin haklar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131r ise bu durum i\u015fverenin e\u015fit i\u015flem borcuna da ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k te\u015fkil edece\u011finden, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin d\u00f6rt aya kadar \u00fccreti tutar\u0131ndaki uygun bir tazminat talep hakk\u0131 da do\u011fabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, bir taraf\u0131n (i\u015f\u00e7i) ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olarak i\u015f g\u00f6rmeyi, di\u011fer taraf\u0131n (i\u015fveren) da \u00fccret \u00f6demeyi \u00fcstlenmesinden do\u011fan bir ili\u015fki oldu\u011fundan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bor\u00e7 y\u00fckleyen bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir. Bu nedenle, bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ifas\u0131 isteminde bulunan taraf\u0131n, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha sonra ifa etme hakk\u0131 olmad\u0131k\u00e7a kendi borcunu ifa etmi\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekmekte olup; i\u015fverenin temel borcu olan \u00fccret \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yerine getirilmedik\u00e7e, i\u015f\u00e7iden de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 talep veya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnlere ili\u015fkin \u00fccret kesme hakk\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00f6denmeyen \u00fccret alaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, belirlenmi\u015f \u00fccret \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fc, b\u00f6yle bir g\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmamas\u0131 halinde ise ola\u011fan \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc takip eden yirminci g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonundan itibaren, g\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u00f6denmeyen \u00fccretler i\u00e7in mevduata uygulanan en y\u00fcksek faiz oran\u0131 uygulan\u0131r. Keza bu durumda i\u015fveren, temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131ndan, temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fmekte kusuru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispat etmedik\u00e7e, borcun ge\u00e7 ifas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7inin u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131 gidermekle de y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Kanunun, i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccretlerinin \u00f6denmemesi halinde i\u015f\u00e7iye tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir di\u011fer hak ise 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 24\/II-e <em>\u201c\u0130\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00fccreti kanun h\u00fck\u00fcmleri veya s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u015fartlar\u0131na uygun olarak hesap edilmez veya \u00f6denmezse\u201d<\/em> maddesi kapsam\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015f akdini hakl\u0131 nedenle ve derhal feshi hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durumda i\u015f\u00e7i, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131p i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte tutmak ve i\u015fverenin \u00f6deme yapmas\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya geri d\u00f6nmek yerine, herhangi bir s\u00fcre k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131na tabi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6denmeme hali devam etti\u011fi s\u00fcrece i\u015f akdini feshederek i\u015fverenden, hak etmi\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde, k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 ve di\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7ilik alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 da talep edebilecektir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6ZET:\u00a0 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nma hakk\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 34. maddesinde \u201c\u00dccreti \u00f6deme g\u00fcn\u00fcnden itibaren yirmi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde m\u00fccbir bir neden d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6denmeyen i\u015f\u00e7i, i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcunu yerine getirmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nabilir. Bu nedenle ki\u015fisel kararlar\u0131na dayanarak i\u015f g\u00f6rme borcunu yerine getirmemeleri say\u0131sal olarak toplu bir nitelik kazansa dahi grev olarak nitelendirilemez. G\u00fcn\u00fcnde \u00f6denmeyen \u00fccretler i\u00e7in mevduata uygulanan en y\u00fcksek [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-insan-kaynaklari-ve-is-hukuku"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1778"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1778"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1778\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1779,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1778\/revisions\/1779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1778"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1778"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1778"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}