{"id":4605,"date":"2021-02-19T07:01:43","date_gmt":"2021-02-19T07:01:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/brexit-effects-on-turkish-economy-and-the-free-trade-agreement-concluded-between-the-uk-and-turkey\/"},"modified":"2021-02-19T07:04:17","modified_gmt":"2021-02-19T07:04:17","slug":"brexitin-turkiyeye-ekonomik-etkileri-ve-ingiltere-ile-yapilan-serbest-ticaret-anlasmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/brexitin-turkiyeye-ekonomik-etkileri-ve-ingiltere-ile-yapilan-serbest-ticaret-anlasmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"BREXIT\u0130N T\u00dcRK\u0130YEYE EKONOM\u0130K ETK\u0130LER\u0130 VE \u0130NG\u0130LTERE \u0130LE YAPILAN SERBEST T\u0130CARET ANLA\u015eMASI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu referandum ile ba\u015flayan ve 30 Ocak 2020 tarihinde Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemine evirilen Brexit s\u00fcreci, 24 Aral\u0131k 2020 tarihinde imzalanan ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile resmen sonu\u00e7land\u0131. \u0130ngiltere ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi&#8217;nin \u00fczerinde uzla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131, 1 Ocak 2021&#8217;den itibaren taraflar\u0131n g\u00fcmr\u00fcks\u00fcz, kotas\u0131z ve herhangi bir kesinti olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ticaret yapabilmesine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131maktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ancak AB ile \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen Brexit ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinin sona ermesiyle birlikte, \u0130ngiltere art\u0131k G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131 olmayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye ile ticari ili\u015fkilerde dura\u011fanla\u015fma ve sorunlar olu\u015fabilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmekteydi. Ne var ki, T\u00fcrkiye ile Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k aras\u0131nda, ticari faaliyetleri sekteye u\u011fratmamak amac\u0131yla 29 Aral\u0131k 2020\u2019de imzalanan Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 1 Ocak 2021 tarihi itibariyle y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>T\u00fcrkiye ve AB aras\u0131ndaki G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brexit \u00f6ncesinde \u0130ngiltere ve T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki ticaret ili\u015fkileri, 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda AB ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda kabul edilen ve 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile d\u00fczenleniyordu. Yaln\u0131zca sanayi ve i\u015flenmi\u015f tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini kapsayan g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011fi sayesinde bahsi ge\u00e7en \u00fcr\u00fcnler g\u00fcmr\u00fck alan\u0131 i\u00e7inde, miktar k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n serbest\u00e7e dola\u015fabilmektedir. Bu ba\u011flamda, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin en \u00e7ok ihracat yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerden biri oldu\u011fu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi&#8217;nden ayr\u0131lacak olmas\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ticarete devam edebilmek, T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;deki i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131 gere\u011fince T\u00fcrkiye, Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerle Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ya da benzeri ticari anla\u015fmalar yapamamaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye ve \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131ndaki ticaretin g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi olmadan devam edebilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle \u0130ngiltere ve AB\u2019nin anla\u015fmaya varmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. Bu nedenle, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k ile AB taraf\u0131ndan mutab\u0131k kal\u0131nan 24 Aral\u0131k 2020 tarihli ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye ile Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k aras\u0131nda da Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanabilmesinin hukuken \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Brexit\u2019in T\u00fcrkiye Ekonomisindeki Yans\u0131malar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130ngiltere ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki ithalat- ihracat rakamlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Brexit\u2019ten do\u011frudan etkilenmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de en fazla yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 bulunan \u00fclkelerden birinin \u0130ngiltere oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Ticaret ve Kalk\u0131nma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (UNCTAD) taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan 2020 D\u00fcnya Yat\u0131r\u0131m Raporu\u2019na g\u00f6re; toplam stoklar\u0131n %60&#8217;\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan finans, imalat ve enerji pazarlar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de en y\u00fcksek DYY (Do\u011frudan Yabanc\u0131 Yat\u0131r\u0131m) miktar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7eken sekt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen stoklar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan toplam yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n;<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%16,1&#8217;ini lider konumda olan Hollanda,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%7,6\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 ABD,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">%7&#8217;sini ise K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkeleri- \u00e7o\u011funlukla Katar- olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130ngiltere, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ithalat yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda 11. s\u0131rada, ihracat yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda ise 4. S\u0131rada (2019 verileri ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ihracat s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda 2.s\u0131rada olan \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin bu alanda geriledi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.) yer almaktad\u0131r. Her ne kadar 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki ticaret hacmi bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 12 civar\u0131nda azalarak, 16 milyar 297 milyon dolar kaydedilmi\u015fse de \u0130ngiltere y\u00fczde 4,4&#8217;l\u00fck pay ile T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin alt\u0131nc\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ticaret orta\u011f\u0131 olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ocak-Ekim aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda da ticaret hacmi azalmaya devam etmi\u015f ve T\u00dc\u0130K taraf\u0131ndan iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki ticaret hacmi 13,5 milyar dolar olarak kaydedilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin \u0130ngiltere&#8217;ye ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda alt\u0131n, tekstil ve haz\u0131r giyim \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, elektrikli ve elektriksiz makineler, motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlar, demir \u00e7elik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, izole edilmi\u015f teller, kablolar ve di\u011fer elektrik iletkenleri gelmektedir.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ithal etti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131nda ise dizel, yar\u0131 dizel motorlar, otomobil, demir \u00e7elik d\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc ve hurdalar ile tedavi ve korunma kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere haz\u0131rlanan ila\u00e7lar bulunuyor.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brexit s\u00fcreci ile birlikte \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ayr\u0131larak G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi\u2019nin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 sonucunda T\u00fcrkiye ile Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k aras\u0131 G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi ili\u015fkisi de 1 Ocak 2021 tarihi itibariyle sona ermi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Bu durum, \u0130ngiltere ile yap\u0131lan ihracat\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %75\u2019inin g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisine tabi olmas\u0131na ve 3 milyar dolara yak\u0131n bir zarar ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131nmas\u0131 ihtimalini do\u011furmu\u015ftur. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra otomotiv ve elektroni\u011fin tamam\u0131, tekstil ve haz\u0131r giyimin tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131na ortalama %10 devlet vergisi gelmesi de s\u00f6z konusu olmu\u015ftur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla mevcut ortamdan kaynakl\u0131 bu belirsizli\u011fin d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>T\u00fcrkiye ile \u0130ngiltere Aras\u0131nda \u0130mzalanan Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 Neler Getiriyor?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yukar\u0131da bahsi ge\u00e7en belirsizlik, T\u00fcrkiye ile \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131 tarifesiz ve 1 Ocak 2021 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren ve t\u00fcm sanayi ile tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini i\u00e7eren bir Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalanmas\u0131 sonucu ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu anla\u015fma ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 muhtemel mali kay\u0131plar bertaraf edilmi\u015f ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6nemli ticari ortaklar\u0131ndan biri olan \u0130ngiltere ile ticari ili\u015fkilerin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda devam eden ticari faaliyetlerde ise herhangi bir hak ve s\u00fcre kayb\u0131 riski de bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekten de uluslararas\u0131 ticaret \u00e7evreleri bu anla\u015fmay\u0131 \u201cdevaml\u0131l\u0131k anla\u015fmas\u0131\u201d olarak nitelendirmi\u015flerdir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Kapsam: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u00f6z konusu anla\u015fma,<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t\u00fcm sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0i\u015flenmi\u015f tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini kapsamaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu bak\u0131mdan anla\u015fma ile sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergileri s\u0131f\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f, tar\u0131m ve i\u015flenmi\u015f tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde ise G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile sa\u011flanan \u201ctavizli tarife oranlar\u0131\u201d ticari ili\u015fkilere aynen uygulanmaya devam etmi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ancak bununla birlikte, AB ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ve halen y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi anla\u015fmas\u0131nda hizmet ve yat\u0131r\u0131m sekt\u00f6rleri dahil olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, bu sekt\u00f6rler \u015fimdilik serbest ticaret kapsam\u0131na dahil edilmemi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Buna ra\u011fmen Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, iki \u00fclkenin bu sekt\u00f6rleri de anla\u015fmaya dahil etme konusunda daha geni\u015f bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Zira anla\u015fman\u0131n g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme h\u00fckm\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, anla\u015fma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde yeniden g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenleme yer almaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Yine de hizmetler, tar\u0131m, yat\u0131r\u0131mlar, elektronik ticaret gibi g\u00fcncel ticari konular\u0131 \u00fczerine planlanan derin ve kapsaml\u0131 bir ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 uzun bir m\u00fczakere s\u00fcrecini gerektirmektedir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>T\u00fcrkiye A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Getiriler: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye ile \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131nda imzalanan Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131; Brexit sonras\u0131 iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki ticari belirsizli\u011fi ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olup mevcut G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131 kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 da korumaktad\u0131r. Bu durum ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 olas\u0131 ek vergi ve yapt\u0131r\u0131m y\u00fck\u00fcnden kurtaracak ve men\u015fei ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan etkilenilmesini engelleyecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130ngiltere\u2019yle bu tarz bir anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn kurallar\u0131na uygun olarak ama g\u00fcmr\u00fck \u00fccretlendirme tarifesi \u00fczerinden iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ticari faaliyetler s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclecekti. Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 sayesinde bu risk ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan Kaynaklanan Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k Halleri: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anla\u015fma h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uyar\u0131nca,<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u00fcrkiye ve Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k aras\u0131nda do\u011fabilecek olas\u0131 bir hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cAnla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n Halli Mekanizmas\u0131 Usul\u00fc (AHM)\u201d<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> uygulanacakt\u0131r. Anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n Halli Usul\u00fc, D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DT\u00d6) \u00fcyesi \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki ticari anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ve kesin olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>AHM usul\u00fc sonucu herhangi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, DT\u00d6 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 ge\u00e7erli olacakt\u0131r. Zira DT\u00d6, uluslararas\u0131 ticaretin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fini sa\u011flamak ve \u00fclkeler aras\u0131 ticari ili\u015fkileri kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak suretiyle belirli kurallar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde k\u00fcresel ticaret hacmini artt\u0131rmay\u0131 hedeflemektedir.<br \/>\n<b><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Buna g\u00f6re, DT\u00d6 \u00fcyesi iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda meydana gelen bir hukuk\u00ee uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk ad\u0131m\u0131 dan\u0131\u015fma a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu a\u015famada uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fcrse hukuki s\u00fcre\u00e7 son bulacak; \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde ise, taleple ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k ilkesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in kurulan Anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n Halli Organ\u0131 (AHO) anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n halli konular\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek ve y\u00f6netmek \u00fczere toplanacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>T\u00fcrkiye ile \u0130ngiltere \u0130li\u015fkilerinde Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Genel Bir De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile birlikte gelinen noktada gerek T\u00fcrkiye gerekse Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k ticaret bakanl\u0131klar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan resm\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n da etkisiyle piyasalarda olumlu bir hava h\u00e2kim olmu\u015ftur. Zira T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130ngiltere ile serbest ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalamas\u0131, k\u00fcresel piyasalara da verilen olumlu bir mesaj olarak \u00f6nem kazanmaktad\u0131r.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6yle ki Japonya, Kanada, \u0130svi\u00e7re ve Norve\u00e7 ile var\u0131lan anla\u015fmalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u0130ngiltere, en b\u00fcy\u00fck ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye ile yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeleri ile birlikte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de ad\u0131n\u0131n yer almas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7ekme potansiyelini artt\u0131rabilecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yine de bir\u00e7ok ekonomi otoritesince, \u0130ngiltere ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen m\u00fczakerelere ra\u011fmen Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, AB\u2019yle mevcut anla\u015fmayla k\u0131yaslan\u0131nca b\u00fcy\u00fck yenilikler i\u00e7ermedi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekilmektedir. Bu ba\u011flamda \u0130ngiltere\u2019yle imzalanan anla\u015fma, kapsam\u0131 itibariyle AB\u2019yle h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda mevcut olan ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin g\u00fcncelleme talep etti\u011fi anla\u015fma boyutunda kalmaktan \u00f6teye ge\u00e7ememektedir. Ger\u00e7ekten de iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda var\u0131lan anla\u015fman\u0131n kapsam\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye ile AB aras\u0131ndaki G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 itibariyle \u00e7ok benzemektedir. Tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde tam bir serbestle\u015fmenin olmamas\u0131, hizmetler sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn anla\u015fma d\u00e2hiline al\u0131nmamas\u0131 gibi durumlar Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki ticari ili\u015fki \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde de bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6zellikle iki \u00fclke makamlar\u0131nca yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda \u201ctar\u0131m\u201d ifadesi s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da baz\u0131 otoritelerce T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin aleyhine olacak \u015fekilde bu tan\u0131m\u0131n belirsizlik yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tam bir g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011fi sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir.\u00a0 Nitekim \u0130ngiltere\u2019yle yap\u0131lan anla\u015fma kapsam\u0131na t\u00fcm tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca \u2018<\/span><b>i\u015flenmi\u015f tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri\u2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> dahil edilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Ancak ekonomistlere ve ihracat\u00e7\u0131 birliklerine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin i\u015flenmemi\u015f tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in g\u00fcmr\u00fcks\u00fcz pazar olu\u015fturmas\u0131 as\u0131l olan husustur. Bu nedenle \u0130ngiltere\u2019yle hizmetler, yat\u0131r\u0131mlar, tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, e-ticaret kapsayacak \u015fekilde anla\u015fman\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi gerekti\u011fi de \u015f\u00fcphesiz olsa da \u0130ngiltere ile imzalanan ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n, Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile mevcut g\u00fcmr\u00fck birli\u011fi anla\u015fmas\u0131na paralel olmas\u0131 da ticari faaliyet ve ili\u015fkilerin geli\u015ftirilmesini s\u0131n\u0131rlamaktad\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da anla\u015fman\u0131n \u201cserbest ticaret i\u00e7in men\u015fei ko\u015fulu\u201d getirmesi de bir dezavantaj olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ancak belirtmemiz gerekir ki Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda d\u00fczenlenen 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde ticaretin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n da geni\u015fletilmesi s\u00f6z konusu olabilecektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ilerleyen s\u00fcre\u00e7te tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde bir serbestle\u015fme ve hizmetler ticaretinin de bu kapsama dahil olmas\u0131 beklenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>SONU\u00c7:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana devam eden Brexit s\u00fcreci, uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r Avrupa Birli\u011fi ile entegre halde ya\u015fayan Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131, art\u0131k tek ba\u015f\u0131na d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerle yeni ili\u015fkiler kurmaya y\u00f6neltmi\u015f ve ticaret, e\u011fitim, g\u00f6\u00e7 vb. bir\u00e7ok alanda yeni sistemlere ge\u00e7ilmesine sebep olmu\u015ftur. Ne var ki s\u00fcrecin belirsizli\u011fi, \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi risk fakt\u00f6rleri do\u011fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak gelinen noktada, \u0130ngiltere ile AB\u2019nin ticari ili\u015fkilerini d\u00fczenleyen bir ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde mutab\u0131k kalmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de \u0130ngiltere ile olan ticari ili\u015fkilerinin bir serbest ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile d\u00fczenlenmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde imzalanan Serbest Ticaret Anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda planlanan yat\u0131r\u0131mlar i\u00e7in g\u00fcven ortam\u0131 sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 ve do\u011frudan ve dolayl\u0131 ticari faaliyetlerin artabilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ancak bu anla\u015fma, AB ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda mevcut G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde muafiyetler getirdi\u011finden, hen\u00fcz istenen etkiyi sa\u011flamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim anla\u015fma kapsam\u0131na sadece i\u015flenmi\u015f tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile sanayi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin d\u00e2hil edilmesi ve hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 birtak\u0131m sorunlar te\u015fkil etmektedir. Yine de iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki ticaret faaliyetlerinin aksamadan devam edecek olmas\u0131 ve g\u00fcmr\u00fck muafiyetinin sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan olumlu kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Di\u011fer yandan T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015flar\u0131na \u0130ngiltere\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve oturma hakk\u0131 veren Ankara Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kalkm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ve hen\u00fcz yerine belirli bir y\u00f6ntem sunulmamas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc de sorunlar ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu anlamda \u0130ngiltere\u2019de uygulamas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilen puanl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7 sistemi gerek ya\u015fam ve i\u015f kurma gerekse \u0130ngiltere\u2019de e\u011fitim ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Her iki \u00fclke bakanl\u0131klar\u0131nca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lan resm\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131klamalar neticesinde gerek ticari gerek e\u011fitim, g\u00f6\u00e7 vb. sosyal alanlarda, 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir d\u00f6nem i\u00e7erisinde daha kapsay\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler \u00fczerinde mutabakat sa\u011flanabilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Zira derin ve detayl\u0131 bir anla\u015fman\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi ile ticaretin daha da geli\u015ftirilebilece\u011fi ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Avukat Nilsu Serto\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130ngiltere\u2019nin 2016 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu referandum ile ba\u015flayan ve 30 Ocak 2020 tarihinde Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemine evirilen Brexit s\u00fcreci, 24 Aral\u0131k 2020 tarihinde imzalanan ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile resmen sonu\u00e7land\u0131. \u0130ngiltere ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi&#8217;nin \u00fczerinde uzla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu ticaret anla\u015fmas\u0131, 1 Ocak 2021&#8217;den itibaren taraflar\u0131n g\u00fcmr\u00fcks\u00fcz, kotas\u0131z ve herhangi bir kesinti olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ticaret [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sirketler-ve-ticaret-hukuku","category-sorumlu-is-anlayisimiz"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4605"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4605"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4605\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4607,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4605\/revisions\/4607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}