{"id":6175,"date":"2021-12-13T06:26:50","date_gmt":"2021-12-13T06:26:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/does-liking-and-retweeting-a-content-on-social-media-constitute-the-crime-of-insult-in-turkish-law\/"},"modified":"2021-12-13T06:51:34","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T06:51:34","slug":"sosyal-medya-iceriginin-begeni-like-ve-tekrar-paylasim-retweet-yapilmasi-hakaret-sucunu-olusturur-mu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/sosyal-medya-iceriginin-begeni-like-ve-tekrar-paylasim-retweet-yapilmasi-hakaret-sucunu-olusturur-mu\/","title":{"rendered":"Sosyal Medya \u0130\u00e7eri\u011finin Be\u011feni (Like) ve Tekrar Payla\u015f\u0131m (Retweet) Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Hakaret Su\u00e7unu Olu\u015fturur mu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sosyal medya; g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde her kesimden ve her ya\u015ftan insan\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ileti\u015fim sistemidir. Sosyal medya g\u00f6nderileri kullan\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilmekte ve Facebook\/Twitter gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli mecralarda payla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar her zaman i\u00e7erik \u00fcretmemekte, ba\u015fka kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcretmi\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7erikleri be\u011fenip payla\u015fabilmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, kendileri taraf\u0131ndan bizzat olu\u015fturulmayan, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 nitelikteki i\u00e7eriklerden de sorumlu olabileceklerdir. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131 ve <\/span>Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi\u2019nin Melike v Turkey karar\u0131<\/span><\/a> \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sosyal medya i\u00e7eri\u011finin be\u011feni (Like) ve tekrar payla\u015f\u0131m (Retweet) yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hakaret su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131 hususunu inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n

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T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu\u2019nda Hakaret Su\u00e7u<\/b><\/p>\n

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Bir kimseye onur, \u015feref ve sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 rencide edebilecek nitelikte somut bir fiil veya olgu isnat etmek veya s\u00f6vmek suretiyle bir kimsenin onur, \u015feref ve sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sald\u0131rmak hakaret su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturur. Hakaret su\u00e7u, T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu\u2019nun 125. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Fiilin, ma\u011fduru muhatap alan sesli, yaz\u0131l\u0131 veya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc bir iletiyle i\u015flenebilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. TCK m.125\u2019in d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda hakaretin alenen i\u015flenmesi halinde cezan\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Su\u00e7un Sosyal Medya Arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0130\u015flenmesi Su\u00e7un Alenen \u0130\u015flenmesine \u00d6rnek Midir?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131tay 12. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin verdi\u011fi bir kararda<\/span> , Facebook adl\u0131 sosyal payla\u015f\u0131m sitesinde i\u015flenmesinin hakaretin alenen i\u015flenmesi halini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Buna ili\u015fkin olarak \u201chakaret su\u00e7unu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kabul edilen eylemin, belirli olmamas\u0131 ve birden fazla ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan alg\u0131lanabilme imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulunmas\u0131\u201d gerek\u00e7e olarak belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zetle, sosyal medyada hakaret su\u00e7unun i\u015flenmesi durumunda TCK m.125\/4 gere\u011fince cezada art\u0131r\u0131m uygulanacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Mahkeme \u0130\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 \u201cRetweet\u201d Yapman\u0131n Hakaret Su\u00e7unu Olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 Y\u00f6n\u00fcnde<\/b><\/p>\n

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Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n kararlar\u0131ndan<\/span> yola \u00e7\u0131karak \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz ki; Yarg\u0131tay, hakaret i\u00e7erikli payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n retweet yoluyla payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 hakaret su\u00e7u kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirmektedir. <\/span>Buna ek olarak Yarg\u0131tay, be\u011feni (like) ile payla\u015f\u0131m (retweet) aras\u0131nda bir ayr\u0131m yapmaktad\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay 4. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin bir karar\u0131nda<\/span>,\u00a0 yaln\u0131zca be\u011feni eyleminin, g\u00f6nderinin internet ortam\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131na aktar\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 taktirde hakaret su\u00e7unu\u00a0olu\u015fturmayaca\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0130\u015f Mahkemesi, Ba\u015fvurucunun \u201cBe\u011fen\u201d Butonunu T\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Facebook G\u00f6nderilerinin \u0130fade \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Kapsam\u0131nda Olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde<\/b><\/p>\n

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A\u0130HM’nin bir karar\u0131nda<\/span>, personelin Facebook’tan hakaret i\u00e7erikli g\u00f6nderiyi “like” yapmas\u0131 sebebiyle i\u015f akdinin feshini ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlali olarak nitelendirilmi\u015ftir. Bu karara konu olan olay\u0131n hak arama s\u00fcreci \u00f6zetle \u015fu \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir; Facebook \u00fczerinden \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerce yap\u0131lan hakaret i\u00e7erikli \u00e7e\u015fitli payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki \u201cBe\u011fen\u201d butonuna t\u0131klamas\u0131 sebebiyle ba\u015fvurucuya i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karma cezas\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fvurucu, i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi feshinin iptali i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve i\u015fe iade edilmesi talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur. \u0130\u015f Mahkemesi, ba\u015fvurucunun \u201cbe\u011fen\u201d butonunu t\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Facebook g\u00f6nderilerinin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kapsam\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00f6nderilerin i\u00e7eriklerinin i\u015fyerindeki huzur ve s\u00fckuneti bozaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ederek ba\u015fvurucunun talebini reddetmi\u015ftir. Anayasa Mahkemesi ise, ba\u015fvurucunun bireysel ba\u015fvurusunu \u201cifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin iddias\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d gerek\u00e7esiyle kabul etmemi\u015ftir. Bunun \u00fczerine ba\u015fvurucu, A\u0130HM\u2019ne ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlal edilmesinden \u015fikayet\u00e7i olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Mahkemesi \u201c\u0130fade \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130hlal Edildi\u011fine\u201d Karar Verdi<\/b><\/p>\n

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A\u0130HM, oy birli\u011fiyle Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fczenleyen 10. maddesinin ihlal edildi\u011fine h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir. Mahkeme, insanlar\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fe ilgi g\u00f6stermelerini ve onaylamalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan be\u011feni butonunun, \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kullanman\u0131n pop\u00fcler bir bi\u00e7imi oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin bir tespitte bulunmu\u015ftur. Mahkeme, ba\u015fvurucunun pozisyonunun (MEB\u2019de temizlik g\u00f6revlisi) do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi i\u015f yerinde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir nama sahip olaca\u011f\u0131na ve Facebook\u2019taki faaliyetlerinin \u00f6\u011frenciler, ebeveynler, \u00f6\u011fretmenler ve di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli bir etki olu\u015fturamayaca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca yine kararda, ba\u015fvurucunun i\u015f hukukuna tabi bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmeli personel olmas\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6zel hukuk i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015fverenlerine bor\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu sadakat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn; kamu personelininki kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmektedir. Mahkeme, ba\u015fvurucunun ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00f6revindeki k\u0131deminin de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015f, verilen cezan\u0131n \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r oldu\u011fu kanaatine varm\u0131\u015f ve adil bir tazmine h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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A\u0130HM de \u201cRetweet ve Like\u201d Aras\u0131nda Ayr\u0131m Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Gerekti\u011fi G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde<\/b><\/p>\n

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Karar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n \u201clike\u201d edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131yla ilgili olarak \u201ci\u00e7eri\u011fi be\u011fenmenin, sosyal a\u011flarda i\u00e7erik payla\u015fmakla ayn\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyece\u011fine\u201d yer verilmi\u015ftir. Buna ili\u015fkin olarak “Be\u011fenme” butonunun, yaln\u0131zca yay\u0131nlanan i\u00e7eri\u011fe sempati ifade edece\u011fini ve onu yaymak i\u00e7in aktif bir istek anlam\u0131na gelmeyece\u011fi\u201d\u00a0gerek\u00e7e olarak g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. A\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 itibariyle kararda \u201cretweet ve like\u201d etkile\u015fimlerinin farkl\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesine ili\u015fkin bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f benimsenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekin Kocaman<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sosyal medya; g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde her kesimden ve her ya\u015ftan insan\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ileti\u015fim sistemidir. Sosyal medya g\u00f6nderileri kullan\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilmekte ve Facebook\/Twitter gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli mecralarda payla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar her zaman i\u00e7erik \u00fcretmemekte, ba\u015fka kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcretmi\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7erikleri be\u011fenip payla\u015fabilmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, kendileri taraf\u0131ndan bizzat olu\u015fturulmayan, hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 nitelikteki i\u00e7eriklerden de sorumlu olabileceklerdir. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131 ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilisim-medya-ve-fikri-mulkiyet"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6175"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6175"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6175\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6215,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6175\/revisions\/6215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}