{"id":6720,"date":"2022-05-10T06:09:54","date_gmt":"2022-05-10T06:09:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/the-status-of-levies-seized-before-the-order-for-suspension-of-execution\/"},"modified":"2022-05-10T06:11:48","modified_gmt":"2022-05-10T06:11:48","slug":"tehir-i-icra-karari-alinmadan-once-konulmus-olan-hacizlerin-durumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/tehir-i-icra-karari-alinmadan-once-konulmus-olan-hacizlerin-durumu\/","title":{"rendered":"TEH\u0130R-\u0130 \u0130CRA KARARI ALINMADAN \u00d6NCE KONULMU\u015e OLAN HAC\u0130ZLER\u0130N DURUMU"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Tehir-i \u0130cra Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 36. Maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen ve uygulamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 prosed\u00fcr\u00fc, yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan ismiyle tehir-i icra prosed\u00fcr\u00fc olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130cran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131; mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan verilen h\u00fckme istinaden ba\u015flat\u0131lan 4-5 \u00f6rnek\/ilaml\u0131 icra takiplerinde uygulama alan\u0131 bulmaktad\u0131r. Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan verilen h\u00fck\u00fcm, bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 talepli olarak istinaf veya temyiz edilir. Yerel mahkemeden al\u0131nan ve mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 talepli olarak istinaf edildi\u011fine dair, derkenar ad\u0131 verilen belge ilgili icra dosyas\u0131na sunulur. \u0130cra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, takip borcunu t\u00fcm fer\u2019ileri ile kar\u015f\u0131layacak \u015fekilde doksan g\u00fcnl\u00fck faiz hesaplamas\u0131 yapar. Bor\u00e7lu, icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnce hesaplanan tutar\u0131 nakit olarak veya kesin teminat mektubu sunmak suretiyle icra dosyas\u0131na depo eder. Teminat yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan bor\u00e7luya, icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 getirmek \u00fczere mehil belgesi verilir. Bor\u00e7lu, bu mehil belgesi ile icra hukuk mahkemesine ba\u015fvurarak icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130cran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 ile icra takip i\u015flemleri; yerel mahkeme karar\u0131n\u0131n istinaf\/temyiz incelemesi sonuna kadar geri b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130stinaf\/temyiz incelemesi tamamlan\u0131p yerel mahkeme karar\u0131 kesin olarak onan\u0131rsa g\u00fcncel dosya borcu hesaplanarak icra dosyas\u0131ndaki teminat alacakl\u0131ya \u00f6denir. Bakiye tutar \u00e7\u0131karsa, bu tutar bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ca alacakl\u0131ya \u00f6denir. Dosyada bulunan teminat, banka teminat mektubu ise icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lacak yaz\u0131 ile nakde \u00e7evrilir ve alacakl\u0131ya \u00f6denir. \u015eayet istinaf\/temyiz incelemesi sonunda yerel mahkeme karar\u0131 bozulur\/kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa dosyadaki teminat bor\u00e7luya iade edilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130cran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 prosed\u00fcr\u00fc ana hatlar\u0131yla bu \u015fekilde i\u015flemekte olup doktrinde ve Yarg\u0131tay\u2019da tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olan hususa ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klama ve de\u011ferlendirmelerimiz yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n devam\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Tehir-i \u0130cra Karar\u0131ndan \u00d6nce Haciz Konulmas\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130cran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131, yerel mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan h\u00fck\u00fcm verilip de bu h\u00fck\u00fcm icra takibine konu edildikten sonra her a\u015famada al\u0131nabilir. \u0130cra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczenlenen icra emri bor\u00e7luya tebli\u011f edilip takip kesinle\u015ftikten sonra da icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131nabilir. Takip kesinle\u015fti\u011fi takdirde, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n haciz isteme hakk\u0131 do\u011far ve bor\u00e7lunun \u00e7e\u015fitli mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine haciz koydurabilir. Bor\u00e7lu, mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine haciz konulduktan sonra da yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda genel hatlar\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 prosed\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc uygulayarak icra hukuk mahkemesinden icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 alabilecektir. B\u00f6ylelikle, icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131na istinaden icra takibi bulundu\u011fu a\u015famada durdurulur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130cran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm dosya borcu teminat alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. Bu sebeple esasen \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 85. Maddesi gere\u011fince, karardan \u00f6nce konulmu\u015f olan hacizler a\u015fk\u0131n hale gelmektedir. Ancak dosyadaki hacizlerin a\u015fk\u0131n hale gelmesi, icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan re\u2019sen g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nabilecek bir durum de\u011fildir. Hacizlerin a\u015fk\u0131n hale geldi\u011finin ve bu sebeple de hacizlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekti\u011finin bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan talep edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bor\u00e7lunun talebi \u00fczerine, icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce konulmu\u015f hacizlerin kald\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fine karar verebilece\u011fi gibi bu talebi reddetme ihtimali de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay ve doktrindeki tart\u0131\u015fma ise bu a\u015famada ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u015e\u00f6yle ki; \u015fayet icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 kararan\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki hacizlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verirse, bu a\u015famada alacakl\u0131n\u0131n \u015fikayet hakk\u0131 do\u011fmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer ihtimalde, yani icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nceki hacizlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talebini reddetmesi ihtimalinde ise bor\u00e7lunun \u015fikayet hakk\u0131 do\u011fmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Tehir-i \u0130cra Karar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce Konulan Hacizlerin Karardan Sonraki Durumu<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kural olarak icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131, icra takibini bulundu\u011fu a\u015famada durdurmaktad\u0131r. Bu sebeple de icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce konulmu\u015f olan hacizler baki kalmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu durumda \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 85. Maddesi g\u00fcndeme gelmektedir. Bu maddeye g\u00f6re; bor\u00e7lunun mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n ana, faiz ve masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak miktar\u0131 haczedilebilecektir. \u0130cran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131nabilmesi i\u00e7in, bahsetti\u011fimiz \u00fczere, dosya borcu fer\u2019ileri ve \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k faizi ile birlikte dosyaya teminat olarak depo edilmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla art\u0131k bu a\u015famada; alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015famama riski ortadan kalkmaktad\u0131r. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 alan bor\u00e7lu, icra m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden, karardan \u00f6nceki hacizlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilecektir. Yarg\u0131tay, ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llardaki kararlar\u0131nda \u201ctehir-i icra karar\u0131n\u0131n takibi bulundu\u011fu a\u015famada durduraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu nedenle karardan \u00f6nce konulmu\u015f olan hacizlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d de\u011ferlendirmekteyken; g\u00fcncel kararlar\u0131nda ise \u201cicran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 al\u0131nabilmesi i\u00e7in yat\u0131r\u0131lan teminat\u0131n, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015famama riskini ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla karardan \u00f6nce konulmu\u015f olan hacizlerin a\u015fk\u0131n haciz haline geldi\u011fini ve kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini\u201d de\u011ferlendirmektedir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Genel De\u011ferlendirme<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tehir-i icra prosed\u00fcr\u00fc hem alacakl\u0131n\u0131n hem de bor\u00e7lunun haklar\u0131n\u0131 koruma maksad\u0131yla ihdas edilmi\u015f bir d\u00fczenleme olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Bu sebeple de icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131yla birlikte alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahsil edememe riski ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, i\u015fbu karardan \u00f6nceki hacizlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda alacakl\u0131n\u0131n zarara u\u011framas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilecek bir neden bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bor\u00e7lu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakacak olursak; icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce bor\u00e7lunun banka hesaplar\u0131na haciz konulmu\u015f olabilir. Daha sonras\u0131ndan teminat yat\u0131rmak suretiyle icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131 almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, banka hesaplar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki haciz kald\u0131r\u0131lmazsa as\u0131l olarak burada bor\u00e7lu ma\u011fdur edilmi\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Zira, hem teminat yat\u0131rmak durumunda kalm\u0131\u015f hem de banka hesaplar\u0131n\u0131 kullanamaz hale gelmi\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Hem alacakl\u0131 hem de bor\u00e7lusu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan genel olarak bir s\u00fcbjektif bir de\u011ferlendirme yapacak olursak; icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce konulmu\u015f olan hacizlerin, a\u015fk\u0131n haciz hale gelmi\u015f olmalar\u0131 sebebiyle kald\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011finin daha yerinde ve hakkaniyete uygun olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmekteyiz.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Av. \u015eeref \u015eEN<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tehir-i \u0130cra Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 36. Maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen ve uygulamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 prosed\u00fcr\u00fc, yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan ismiyle tehir-i icra prosed\u00fcr\u00fc olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. \u0130cran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131; mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan verilen h\u00fckme istinaden ba\u015flat\u0131lan 4-5 \u00f6rnek\/ilaml\u0131 icra takiplerinde uygulama alan\u0131 bulmaktad\u0131r. Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan verilen h\u00fck\u00fcm, bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan icran\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 talepli olarak [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sirketler-ve-ticaret-hukuku"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6720"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6720"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6722,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6720\/revisions\/6722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}