Kavram<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00dcnl\u00fc s\u00f6zde de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi <\/span>\u201c\u0130nsanlar aras\u0131ndaki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l i\u015f birli\u011fi, \u00f6ncelikle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fcvene dayan\u0131r\u201d. <\/span><\/i>G\u00fcven olgusunun her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ili\u015fkinin temelini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r. \u0130\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde ise, i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraflar aras\u0131nda ki\u015fisel ili\u015fki kuran niteli\u011fi gere\u011fi, g\u00fcvenin s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin devam\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz eden bir unsur oldu\u011fu yans\u0131tamaz. Nitekim ku\u015fku duyma olarak da adland\u0131rabilece\u011fimiz g\u00fcvenin kayb\u0131, taraflar aras\u0131ndaki i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin devam\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekilmez hale getirdi\u011finde, s\u00f6z konusu i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin devam etmesinin taraflardan beklenmemesi gerekmektedir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u201c\u015e\u00fcphe feshi kavram\u0131\u201d ise doktrinde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak, <\/span>i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine a\u011f\u0131r ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k te\u015fkil eden davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden eylemi hakk\u0131nda duyulan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015f\u00fcphe nedeniyle i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin devam\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan taraflar aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fcvenin sars\u0131lmas\u0131 veya a\u011f\u0131r bi\u00e7imde zedelenmesi sonucunda i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan feshedilmesi<\/span><\/i> olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Burada \u0130\u015fverence ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek fesih, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n kesin vak\u0131alarla ispatlanamayan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u015f\u00fcphenin taraflar aras\u0131ndaki g\u00fcven ili\u015fkisini ortadan kald\u0131rmas\u0131 neticesinde do\u011fmaktad\u0131r. Yani esasen ortada kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f, cezaland\u0131r\u0131labilir bir fiil veya su\u00e7 mevcut olmay\u0131p, taraflar aras\u0131ndaki i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin devam etmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan g\u00fcven olgusunun kesin olarak ortadan kalkmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu fesih t\u00fcr\u00fcnde as\u0131l temel al\u0131nan olgunun, \u0130\u015fverenin i\u015fletmesini \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n muhtemel eylemi ile olu\u015fabilecek sorunlara ve tehlikelere kar\u015f\u0131 koruyabilmesi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Emsal Yarg\u0131 Kararlar\u0131 ve Doktrin G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015e\u00fcphe Feshi<\/b><\/p>\n \u015e\u00fcphe feshi mevzuat\u0131m\u0131zda do\u011frudan bir d\u00fczenlemeye sahip olmamakla birlikte, Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131 ile \u0130\u015f Hukuku uygulamam\u0131za dahil olmu\u015ftur. Yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda da \u015f\u00fcphe feshinin \u0130\u015fverene hakl\u0131 nedenle fesih hakk\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak bu durumun \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 18. maddesi \u201c<\/span>i\u015f\u00e7inin yetersizli\u011finden kaynaklanan<\/span><\/i>\u201d bir fesih nedeni olu\u015fturabilece\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Emsal yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcphe feshinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in ilk olarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden kaynaklanan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini esasl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ihlal etti\u011fine ya da i\u015fyerinde su\u00e7 niteli\u011finde bir eylemde bulundu\u011funa dair bir ku\u015fkunun olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n arand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, sadece bir fiilin i\u015flendi\u011fine dair \u015f\u00fcphenin bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmedi\u011fi, bu \u015f\u00fcphenin objektif somut olgularla desteklenmesi gerekti\u011fine i\u015faret edilmektedir<\/span>. Hukuken ge\u00e7erli olarak kabul edilebilecek \u015f\u00fcphe i\u00e7in, \u0130\u015fverenin s\u00fcbjektif de\u011ferlendirmelerine de\u011fil, i\u015fverenin \u015f\u00fcphelerini destekleyecek ve g\u00fcven kayb\u0131n\u0131 bir anlamda do\u011frulayacak objektif bir eylemin mevcut olmas\u0131 gerekecektir. E\u011fer \u015f\u00fcphenin sadece \u0130\u015fverenin \u015fahs\u0131nda mevcut olan bir \u015f\u00fcpheye dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna var\u0131l\u0131yor ise, bu durumda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n i\u015f akdinin \u015f\u00fcphe feshine dayal\u0131 olarak feshedilebilece\u011finden bahsedilemeyecektir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Di\u011fer yandan, \u015f\u00fcpheden kast\u0131n her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015f\u00fcphe olamayaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilecektir ancak i\u015f ili\u015fkisi ile mutlaka ili\u015fkilendirilebilecek bir su\u00e7 veya s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye a\u011f\u0131r ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k te\u015fkil edecek bir davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fine dair kuvvetli \u015f\u00fcphe gereklidir. Bu anlamda \u0130\u015fveren, muhtemel bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015f\u00fcphenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile olay\u0131n ayd\u0131nlat\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in elinden gelen t\u00fcm \u00e7abay\u0131 sarf etmi\u015f oldu\u011funu ispatlayabilmesi gerekmektedir. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, \u0130\u015fveren d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck kurallar\u0131n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7abay\u0131 sarf etmi\u015f, ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve soru\u015fturma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne riayet etmi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Doktrinde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana kar\u015f\u0131 muhtemel bir ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 halinin, \u015f\u00fcphe feshinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan hakk\u0131nda bir ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, tek ba\u015f\u0131na kendi ba\u015f\u0131na objektif ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015f\u00fcphe olu\u015fturmaya yeterli de\u011fildir; bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, salt olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan aleyhine ceza soru\u015fturulmas\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphe feshine imk\u00e2n vermez. Di\u011fer yandan baz\u0131 yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131nda bu hususun geni\u015f yorumland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130\u015fverence ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek bir \u015f\u00fcphe feshinde, \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 18. maddesinde d\u00fczenleme alan\u0131 bulan <\/span>\u201ci\u015f\u00e7inin yeterlili\u011finden\u2026 kaynaklanan ge\u00e7erli nedenin\u201d<\/span><\/i> ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fup olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca yine bu fesih t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na tabi tutulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u015e\u00fcphe feshinin \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 18. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesinin ilk sonucu, mutlaka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 savunmas\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 gere\u011fidir. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere, \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 19. maddesinde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya verimi ile ilgili nedenlerle bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n belirsiz s\u00fcreli i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 18.maddesi kapsam\u0131nda feshin s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu hallerde, hakk\u0131ndaki iddialara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana savunma hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekti\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olup, \u015f\u00fcphe feshinde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 savunmas\u0131n\u0131n mutlaka \u0130\u015fverence talep edilmesi gerekmektedir. \u0130kinci olarak \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 18. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda bir fesih s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fundan, i\u015f akdinin feshi halinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana k\u0131dem ve ihbar tazminat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesi ( veyahut ihbar \u00f6nelinin kulland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131) gerekmektedir<\/span>. Nihayetinde yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131na uygun yasal \u015fartlara haiz bir \u015f\u00fcphe feshinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 20. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda i\u015fe iade talebiyle feshin ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi ile i\u015fe iade davas\u0131 ikame etme hakk\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilecektir<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Avukat Ay\u00e7a Kortel<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kavram \u00dcnl\u00fc s\u00f6zde de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u201c\u0130nsanlar aras\u0131ndaki her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l i\u015f birli\u011fi, \u00f6ncelikle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fcvene dayan\u0131r\u201d. G\u00fcven olgusunun her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ili\u015fkinin temelini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r. \u0130\u015f ili\u015fkilerinde ise, i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraflar aras\u0131nda ki\u015fisel ili\u015fki kuran niteli\u011fi gere\u011fi, g\u00fcvenin s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin devam\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz eden bir unsur oldu\u011fu yans\u0131tamaz. Nitekim ku\u015fku duyma olarak da […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-insan-kaynaklari-ve-is-hukuku"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6849"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6849"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6849\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6857,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6849\/revisions\/6857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6849"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6849"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6849"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}