{"id":7873,"date":"2023-07-06T14:20:30","date_gmt":"2023-07-06T14:20:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cukurpartners.com\/team-contract-in-labour-law-and-its-functions\/"},"modified":"2023-07-06T14:22:11","modified_gmt":"2023-07-06T14:22:11","slug":"is-hukukunda-takim-sozlesmesi-ve-islevi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/is-hukukunda-takim-sozlesmesi-ve-islevi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015e HUKUKUNDA \u201cTAKIM S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMES\u0130\u201d VE \u0130\u015eLEV\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"p1\">Tipik bireysel i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde i\u015fveren kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tek bir i\u015f\u00e7i bulunabilir. Fakat \u00f6zellikle zaman\u0131m\u0131zda bir\u00e7ok i\u015f\u00e7inin birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in grupla\u015fmalar\u0131na, birle\u015fmelerine de s\u0131k rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu suretle bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerle i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda da hukuk\u00ee ili\u015fkiler meydana gelir. Bu hukuki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f ile ilgili olmak \u00fczere kanunlar\u0131m\u0131zda yer alm\u0131\u015f en \u00f6nemli h\u00fck\u00fcm \u0130\u015f Kanun\u2019unun 16. maddesinde bulunan tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesidir.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\"><b>Tak\u0131m S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Nedir?<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun \u201cTak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile olu\u015fturulan i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan 16\u2019nc\u0131 maddesinde tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin tan\u0131m\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re; \u201c<i>Birden \u00e7ok i\u015f\u00e7inin meydana getirdi\u011fi bir tak\u0131m\u0131 temsilen bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerden birinin, tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu s\u0131fat\u0131yla i\u015fverenle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi denir.\u201d. <\/i>Kanundaki bu tan\u0131mlamadan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin kurulabilmesi i\u00e7in her \u015feyden \u00f6nce birden fazla i\u015f\u00e7inin bir araya gelmesi ve bir araya geldikten sonra olu\u015fan tak\u0131mdan bir i\u015f\u00e7inin, yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan i\u015f i\u00e7in di\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7ilerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp onlar\u0131 temsilen (tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu) i\u015fveren ile s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzalamas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin hukuki niteli\u011fi konusunda doktrinde farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler olsa da tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi T\u00fcrk hukuk sisteminde grup\u00e7a bir \u015fekilde i\u015f ili\u015fkisi kurulmas\u0131na m\u00fcsaade eden tek s\u00f6zle\u015fme t\u00fcr\u00fc olup, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 i\u015flevlere sahip olma potansiyeline sahiptir.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\"><b>Tak\u0131m S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin Unsurlar\u0131 ve \u015eekli<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 yukar\u0131da yer verdi\u011fimiz tan\u0131mla beraber \u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 16\u2019nc\u0131 maddesinin devam\u0131nda bulmam\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Buna g\u00f6re bir tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsedebilmek i\u00e7in;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s3\">Birden \u00e7ok i\u015f\u00e7i olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s3\">Bir i\u015fveren olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s3\">\u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerden birisi tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s3\">Tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu i\u015f\u00e7iyle, i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzalanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s3\">S\u00f6zle\u015fme yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li2\"><span class=\"s3\">Her i\u015f\u00e7inin kimli\u011fi ve alaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmede g\u00f6sterilmelidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s4\">Bu unsurlardan en \u00f6nemlisi yaz\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k unsuru olup, tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin ge\u00e7erlilik \u015feklini g\u00f6stermektedir. <\/span>\u0130\u015f Kanunu\u2019nun 16.maddesinin 2.f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re; <i>\u201cTak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin, olu\u015fturulacak i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri i\u00e7in hangi s\u00fcre kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olursa olsun, yaz\u0131l\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir\u201d.<\/i> \u0130lgili kanun metninden de g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi \u00fczere buradaki yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekil \u015fart\u0131 ispat \u015fart\u0131 de\u011fil, emredici \u015fekilde hukuki i\u015flemin ge\u00e7erlilik \u015fart\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda, yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmayan s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin ge\u00e7ersiz say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak belirtmemiz gerekir ki buradaki ge\u00e7ersizlik i\u015fveren ile tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu s\u0131fat\u0131yla yaz\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k unsuruna dikkat etmeyerek s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapan ki\u015fi aras\u0131ndaki tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesidir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ile i\u015fveren aras\u0131ndaki s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fine ise halel gelmedi\u011finden, her bir i\u015f\u00e7i bireysel olarak i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden do\u011fan haklar\u0131n\u0131 talep ve dava edebilecektir.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li4\"><span class=\"s3\"><b>Tak\u0131m \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u00d6zellikleri ve Taraflar\u0131n Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p5\">Tak\u0131m i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin tipik bir hizmet akdine k\u0131yasla kanunda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilen kendine has \u00f6zellikleri mevcuttur. \u0130\u015f Kanun\u2019unun 16. maddesinden \u00e7\u0131kmakta olan bu \u00f6zellikler \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li4\"><span class=\"s3\">Tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile birlikte i\u015f\u00e7iler ile i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda s\u00f6zle\u015fme kurulmu\u015f olmaz. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kurulmas\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerin i\u015fe ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r. (\u0130\u015f Kanunu 16\/3)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li4\"><span class=\"s3\">Tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin unsurlar\u0131nda da bahsetti\u011fimiz \u00fczere i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fccretleri s\u00f6zle\u015fmede ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmeli ayr\u0131ca tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile de\u011fil bizzat i\u015f\u00e7ilere, ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00f6denmelidir. (\u0130\u015f Kanunu 16\/4)<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li4\"><span class=\"s3\">\u00a0Tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzuna, arac\u0131l\u0131k yapmas\u0131 sebebiyle di\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7ilerden kesinti yap\u0131larak \u00fccret verilemez. (\u0130\u015f Kanunu 16\/4-Son C\u00fcmle)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p5\">Tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraflar\u0131 i\u015fveren ve tak\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7erisinden bir i\u015f\u00e7i, yani tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzudur. Tak\u0131m\u0131 olu\u015fturan di\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7iler tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraf\u0131 de\u011fildir. Her tam iki tarafa bor\u00e7 y\u00fckleyen s\u00f6zle\u015fmede oldu\u011fu gibi tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da taraflar\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri do\u011fmaktad\u0131r. Tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin kurulmas\u0131yla birlikte i\u015fveren tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde yer alan \u015fartlarda, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en i\u015f\u00e7ileri i\u015fe ba\u015flatma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131na girmekte olup, tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu ise tak\u0131mdaki i\u015f\u00e7ilerden her birisinin i\u015fe ba\u015flamas\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alt\u0131na girmektedir. Tak\u0131mda yer alan i\u015f\u00e7ilerden herhangi birisinin i\u015fe ba\u015flamamas\u0131 halinde tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzunun, her bir i\u015f\u00e7i i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin fiilini taahh\u00fct h\u00fck\u00fcmleri gere\u011fince sorumlulu\u011fu do\u011far. Bu husus \u0130\u015f Kanun\u2019unun 16. Maddesinin 3. F\u0131kras\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li4\"><span class=\"s3\"><b>Tak\u0131m S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin \u0130\u015flevi ve Potansiyeli<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p5\">Her ne kadar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi uygulamas\u0131 yeterince ilgi g\u00f6rmese de 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanun\u2019unun 16.maddesindeki h\u00fck\u00fcmler olduk\u00e7a yararl\u0131, \u00f6nemli ve bir\u00e7ok avantaj\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Nevi \u015fahs\u0131na m\u00fcnhas\u0131r bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin hem i\u015fveren hem de i\u015f\u00e7i lehine olan y\u00f6nleri vard\u0131r. \u0130\u015fveren sadece tek bir ki\u015fi (tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu) ile s\u00f6zle\u015fme yaparak birden fazla i\u015f\u00e7i temin edebilmekte, bu da i\u015fe alma s\u00fcrecini h\u0131zland\u0131rmakta ve i\u015f\u00e7i bulamama riskini azaltmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ortada bir taahh\u00fct vard\u0131r ve e\u011fer sorun olursa, sorumlulu\u011funa gidebilecek bir taraf mevcuttur. Keza tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin i\u015f\u00e7i a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da olumlu y\u00f6nleri vard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki i\u015f bulma zorluklar\u0131 ile uzun ve me\u015fakkatli i\u015fe girme prosed\u00fcrleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015f ba\u015fvurusuna dahi gerek duymadan i\u015fine ula\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmakta ve i\u015fe giri\u015f prosed\u00fcr\u00fc ile u\u011fra\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmektedir. Hatta \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak olan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzuyla bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin imzalanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in vekalet ili\u015fkisine girmesine dahi gerek bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Mevcut y\u00f6nleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi i\u015f hayat\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir esneklik arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilir.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\">Ayr\u0131ca tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine, \u00f6zellikle sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmenin zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu ve toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sinema, televizyon, in\u015faat, turizm, tar\u0131m sekt\u00f6rlerindeki gibi ge\u00e7ici nitelikli i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in, ayr\u0131 bir anlam kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bug\u00fcn pek\u00e2l\u00e2 bu sekt\u00f6rlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filer sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye ula\u015famamakta ve bu sebeple i\u015fverenlikler ile uzun soluklu ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015f ili\u015fkileri kurulamamaktad\u0131r. Ancak sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye ula\u015famayan bu i\u015f\u00e7iler tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle beraber basit ve etkili bir formda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme sa\u011flayarak tak\u0131m k\u0131lavuzu \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde i\u015f ili\u015fkilerini i\u015fverenle etkin ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde kararla\u015ft\u0131rabileceklerdir.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\">Bu ba\u011flamda tak\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, y\u00fcksek rekabet bar\u0131ndan i\u015f hayat\u0131ndaki i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi ve sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir yasal enstr\u00fcman olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p7\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><b>Yavuz AM\u0130L<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tipik bireysel i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde i\u015fveren kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tek bir i\u015f\u00e7i bulunabilir. Fakat \u00f6zellikle zaman\u0131m\u0131zda bir\u00e7ok i\u015f\u00e7inin birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in grupla\u015fmalar\u0131na, birle\u015fmelerine de s\u0131k rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Bu suretle bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerle i\u015fveren aras\u0131nda da hukuk\u00ee ili\u015fkiler meydana gelir. Bu hukuki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f ile ilgili olmak \u00fczere kanunlar\u0131m\u0131zda yer alm\u0131\u015f en \u00f6nemli h\u00fck\u00fcm \u0130\u015f Kanun\u2019unun 16. maddesinde bulunan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-insan-kaynaklari-ve-is-hukuku","category-is-hayatina-bakis"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7873"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7873"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7873\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7874,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7873\/revisions\/7874"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7873"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7873"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/old.cukurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7873"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}